描述
给定一个二叉树,判断它是否是高度平衡的二叉树。
本题中,一棵高度平衡二叉树定义为:
一个二叉树每个节点 的左右两个子树的高度差的绝对值不超过 1 。
示例 1:
输入:root = [3,9,20,null,null,15,7]
输出:true
示例 2:
输入:root = [1,2,2,3,3,null,null,4,4]
输出:false
示例 3:
输入:root = []
输出:true
提示:
- 树中的节点数在范围
[0, 5000]
内 -104 <= Node.val <= 104
题解
C++代码
如果我们发现子树不平衡,则不计算具体的深度,而是直接返回-1。那么优化后的方法为:对于每一个节点,我们通过getHeight方法递归获得左右子树的深度,如果子树是平衡的,则返回真实的深度,若不平衡,直接返回-1,此方法时间复杂度O(N),空间复杂度O(H)。
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
int getHeight(TreeNode* node){
if(!node) return 0;
int leftHeight = getHeight(node->left);
if(leftHeight == -1) return -1;
int rightHeight = getHeight(node->right);
if(rightHeight == -1) return -1;
return (abs(leftHeight - rightHeight) > 1) ? -1 : 1 + max(leftHeight, rightHeight);
}
bool isBalanced(TreeNode* root) {
return getHeight(root) == -1 ? false : true;
}
};
Python代码
# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
# def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
# self.val = val
# self.left = left
# self.right = right
class Solution:
def getDepth(self, node) -> int:
if not node:
return 0
leftDepth = self.getDepth(node.left)
if leftDepth == -1:
return -1
rightDepth = self.getDepth(node.right)
if rightDepth == -1:
return -1
if (abs(leftDepth - rightDepth) > 1):
return -1
else:
return max(leftDepth, rightDepth) + 1
def isBalanced(self, root: Optional[TreeNode]) -> bool:
if self.getDepth(root) == -1:
return False
else:
return True